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41.
42.
竹产业是兼具生态和经济效益的产业,四川省兴文县把竹产业作为振兴乡村的支柱产业进行打造,在全县各乡镇大力发展,取得了一定成效。文章在总结兴文县竹产业发展取得成效的基础上,分析了竹产业中存在的问题,对进一步推进兴文县竹产业高质量发展、加快乡村振兴进程提出了建议。 相似文献
43.
Citizen engagement through urban forest tree committee volunteer service may aid in providing essential experience, ideas, and skills that support municipal tree management. Using semi-structured, research interviews with tree committee (TC) representatives from across the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, this study addresses current knowledge gaps concerning the general composition, processes, and relationships of volunteer-led urban forest tree committees. Our findings indicate that TC representatives are typically motivated, passionate volunteers who generally desire to work cooperatively with the many associations, organizations, and agencies that comprise the local socio-political landscape. Our findings also indicate it is important that TC representatives make a sustained, concerted effort to work collaboratively with their local tree warden to advance the care of their community’s urban trees. Furthermore, it is also essential that municipal managers and decision-makers attempt to provide TC volunteers with appropriate training opportunities, resources, as well as demonstrate appreciation, to further encourage and solidify volunteer-engagement in urban forestry at the local level. 相似文献
44.
The material flow and bulk internal flow analyses were used to establish a material accumulation and cycling model for a low-quality forest stand improvement system and a series of processes were considered. The model was applied in a one-hectare low-quality forest plot in the Lesser Khingan Range of China. Results showed that during 1997–2007, the stands absorbed 270.19 kg of N, 74.28 kg of P, and 124.39 kg of K from soils, 51.82 kg of N and 2.38 kg of P were directly absorbed by foliage, and 16.25 kg of K was released to soils by eluviation. Until 2007, the accumulated nutrients in the stands included 236.91 kg of N, 65.28 kg of P, and 108.55 kg of K. When horizontal strip clearcutting was applied in 2007, 50% accumulated nutrients in the stands were shifted due to harvesting operations, and 212.74 kg of N, 26.97 kg of P, and 98.88 kg of K were accumulated in soils, declining by 9.47% for N, 3.68% for P, and 17.60% for K, respectively, compared with year 1997. 94.61 t per hectare of biomass was generated, of which the biomass in stands accounted for 87.36%. The felled tree biomass was 36.89 t per hectare, of which 84.90% and 10.03% of biomass were utilized in terms of logs and other means, and the rest was left on site. 相似文献
45.
M M HASOBA Ahmed 《干旱区科学》2020,12(4):609-617
Savanna woodlands in Sudan host great biodiversity, provide a plethora of ecosystem goods and services to local communities, and sustain numerous ecological functions. Although the importance of the Acacia trees in these areas is well known, up-to-date information about these woodlands' diversity is limited and changes in their woody vegetation composition, density, diversity and relative frequency are not monitored over time. This study explored tree diversity and stand stage structure in Nuara Reserved Forest, a typical savanna woodland ecosystem in southeastern Sudan. A total of 638 circular sample plots (1000 m2 for each) were established using a systematic sampling grid method. The distance between plots was 200 m. In each plot, all living trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥5.00 cm were identified and counted, and their DBH values were recorded. From these data, tree composition, diversity, density and stage structure were assessed. There were 12,259 individual trees representing four species (Acacia seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca, Acacia Senegal and Acacia mellifera) that belong to two families. The dominant species was Acacia seyal. Average tree density was 191 trees/hm2 and the Shannon-Weiner index for trees diversity was 0.204. Overall, young trees comprised 86.30% of the forest. The state of tree richness and density in the study area was low compared to other similar environments in the region and around the world. We recommended adoption of a proper management system that includes monitoring of woody vegetation diversity in this forest, and management actions to enhance tree diversity and sustain ecosystem services to local communities. In addition to care for the dominant Acacia seyal stands, more attention and conservation should be devoted to reestablishing Acacia senegal and Acacia mellifera trees because of their high ecological and economic values for local communities. 相似文献
46.
林木氮素吸收偏好性及其形成机制研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
森林土壤中可被林木吸收利用的氮(N)素主要以铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3--N)的形态存在。受全球气候变暖、氮沉降和人类活动等因素的影响,NH4+和NO3-的分布存在很大的时间波动性和空间异质性,且NH4+-N和NO3--N亏缺已成为限制林地生产力的主要因素。在森林土壤N亏缺和N异质分布的逆境中,在林木长期进化过程中形成了对不同形态N素的吸收偏好,且这种吸收偏好会随生长环境条件而发生改变。特别是对于NH4+和NO3-这2种主要形态的偏好选择性已被证明是决定林木生产力、竞争、共存和生态演替的重要因素之一。对不同树种在N异质分布环境下的N吸收偏好和形成机制的研究,是揭示林木N素营养遗传特性和提高林地N素利用效率的关键。文中从森林土壤中N的主要形态及其分布特征、林木对不同形态N素的吸收偏好和形成机制、林木N吸收偏好的影响因素3个方面进行总结阐述,并对未来研究方向进行展望,以期为我国人工林培育中不同树种的造林配置和合理N素施肥技术提供理论依据和参考。 相似文献
47.
为探究植被指数时序特征是否有利于落叶松人工林提取,以孟家岗林场为研究试验区域,根据落叶松人工林季相和物候特征,利用Landsat8OLI影像数据提取研究区内5种植被的归一化植被指数(I NDV)、差值植被指数(I DV)、比值植被指数(I RV)、增强型植被指数(I EV),构建相应的植被指数时序特征。采用最大似然和随机森林两种方法对单一时相影像和加入植被指数时序特征的影像进行对比试验。结果表明:影像中加入植被指数时序特征后,最大似然算法的分类总体精度为89.53%,Kappa系数为0.87,比单一时序特征的影像分类精度提高了13.35%;随机森林算法的森林类型分类总体精度为93.22%,Kappa系数为0.92,比单一时序特征的影像分类精度提高了19.8%。因此,加入植被指数时序特征后能得到更高的落叶松人工林提取精度。 相似文献
48.
为提高溶解浆进行粘胶纤维产品生产的加工性能及减少二硫化碳的排放,采用PFI(papirindustriens forsknings institut)磨打浆和瓦利打浆机打浆这2种湿法机械处理,以改善竹溶解浆的反应性能。以预水解硫酸盐法竹溶解浆为原料,考察PFI磨打浆及瓦利打浆机打浆对溶解浆反应性能及纤维形态的影响,并对同等打浆度条件下的2种湿法机械处理的效果进行比较。PFI磨和瓦利打浆机分别在打浆度为60.5°SR(15 000 r)及36.4°SR(30 min)的优化工艺条件下,Fock反应性能从68.3%分别提高到73.2%和84.0%,粘胶过滤性能由“不通过”到粘胶过滤值分别为3 196.1 s和2 115.6 s。同时,上述2种处理方式均使纤维粗度和长度下降,细小纤维含量、比表面积和总孔隙量增加,且使聚合度损失小。同等打浆度条件下,基于瓦利打浆机对纤维更多的剪切行为,瓦利打浆机打浆对反应性能的提高效果更为显著。 相似文献
49.
金寨毛竹纤维形态及化学成分 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过离析法制取毛竹纤维,观察并记录纤维长度和宽度,计算纤维长宽比,按照国家标准分别测定化学成分质量分数,以此对3~5年生金寨毛竹不同竹干高度、径向的纤维形态和化学成分进行研究。结果表明:3~5年生金寨毛竹平均纤维长度均大于1500μm,且随着竹龄的增加而增加,而在高度上变异规律不明显;平均纤维长宽比均大于100,在竹干高度为5.5 m处达到最大值;灰分质量分数随竹龄的增加而减小,随竹干高度的增加而增加;综纤维素质量分数随竹龄的增加而增加,随竹干高度的增加趋于稳定;苯醇抽提物和纤维素质量分数随竹龄增加先减小再增加。综上可知,金寨毛竹是优良的造纸原料。 相似文献
50.
开展城市绿地滞尘效应研究对指导城市绿地建设具有重要科学意义。为了研究城市交通主干道周边绿地的滞尘效应,以太原市森林公园西侧紧邻滨河东路南北长600 m,东西宽100 m的针叶混交林带为研究对象,在林带最西侧与道路交界处设对照点(0 m),由西向东垂直于路面在林带内分别设置20、40、60、80 m 4个监测点,用中流量大气PM2.5采样器(100 L/min)在各点对PM2.5进行日间采样,分析林带内PM2.5浓度的变化特征并计算林带对PM2.5的净化效率。结果表明:1)林带宽度影响其对大气PM2.5的净化效率,从20~60 m的净化效率逐渐提高,80 m处略低于60 m;2)林带对局部空气PM2.5净化效率与区域空气质量呈负相关,当空气质量为优良时,林带可以有效地降低局部PM2.5,当空气质量为中重度污染时,林带20~40 m宽处会聚集较高浓度的PM2.5;3)林带内分时段净化效率显示,9:30-11:00的净化效率最低,12:30-17:00净化效率较高,且15:30-17:00林内PM2.5质量浓度最低,提示该时段适宜市民在公园内活动。 相似文献